====== pH ======
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pH is a measure of how acidic or basic (alkaline) a solution is. It is a scale that ranges from 0 to 14:

  * **pH less than 7**: The solution is acidic. The lower the pH, the more acidic the solution is.
  * **pH of 7**: The solution is neutral, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic. Pure water is an example of a neutral solution.
  * **pH greater than 7**: The solution is basic (alkaline). The higher the pH, the more basic the solution is.

The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change on the scale represents a tenfold change in the concentration of hydrogen ions. \\
For example, a solution with a pH of 4 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 5.

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In chemical terms, pH is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration [H<sup>+</sup>] in a solution:

<typo fs:xx-large>pH = −log[𝐻<sup>+</sup>]</typo>

This means that as the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH value decreases, indicating higher acidity.

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==== Some Common Examples ====

^pH^H<sup>+</sup> Concentration^Example^
|0|10 000 000|battery acid|
|5|100|black coffee|
|7|1|pure water|
|9|0.01|baking soda|
|13|0.000 001|bleach|
|14|0.000 000 1|liquid drain cleaner|